A myomectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas or myomas. Fibroids are noncancerous growths that develop in the muscular wall of the uterus and can cause symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, pressure, and urinary symptoms. Myomectomy is often recommended for women who wish to preserve their uterus and fertility.

Here’s an overview of myomectomy:

1. Indications: Myomectomy is indicated for women with symptomatic fibroids who desire relief of symptoms while preserving their uterus. It may be recommended if:

   • Fibroids cause significant symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, or pressure on adjacent organs.
   • Fibroids are compromising fertility or causing recurrent miscarriages.

2. Types of Myomectomy:

   • Abdominal myomectomy: The fibroids are removed through an incision made in the abdomen, similar to a cesarean section incision.
   • Laparoscopic myomectomy: The fibroids are removed through small incisions in the abdomen using a laparoscope and specialized surgical instruments.
   • Hysteroscopic myomectomy: Fibroids located inside the uterine cavity are removed using a hysteroscope inserted through the vagina and cervix, without any abdominal incisions.

3. Procedure: The specific approach to myomectomy depends on factors such as the size, number, and location of fibroids, as well as the patient’s overall health and fertility goals. During the procedure, the surgeon carefully removes the fibroids while preserving the healthy surrounding uterine tissue. In some cases, special techniques may be used to repair the uterine wall after fibroid removal to minimize the risk of complications such as excessive bleeding or uterine rupture.

4. Recovery: Recovery time after myomectomy varies depending on the type of procedure performed and individual factors. Abdominal myomectomy typically requires a longer recovery period compared to laparoscopic or hysteroscopic myomectomy. Most women can expect to stay in the hospital for one to three days after abdominal myomectomy and may need several weeks to fully recover. Recovery after laparoscopic or hysteroscopic myomectomy is generally faster, with most women able to return to normal activities within a few days to a week.

5. Outcomes: Myomectomy can provide relief from symptoms such as pelvic pain and heavy menstrual bleeding while preserving fertility for women who wish to become pregnant. However, there is a risk of fibroid recurrence after myomectomy, particularly if multiple fibroids are present or if new fibroids develop in the future.

Myomectomy is a safe and effective treatment option for women with symptomatic fibroids who wish to preserve their uterus and fertility. It’s important to discuss the risks, benefits, and alternatives of myomectomy with your healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate treatment approach for your individual situation.